cognitive reactions, which would subtly nudge us towards making certain choices over others.

Research in environmental psychology confirms the profound impact of physical surroundings on human behaviour. The theory of environmental determinism hypothesises that our environment shapes not only our actions but also our attitudes and values. A cluttered workspace, for instance, can impede cognitive function and hinder productivity, while a well-lit, organised environment breeds clarity of thought and creativity.

In addition, the phenomenon of environmental priming demonstrates how subtle cues in our surroundings can subconsciously influence our decision-making processes. A study conducted by psychologists John Bargh and Mark Chen found that participants primed with images of elderly individuals subsequently walked more slowly, illustrating the profound yet imperceptible effect of environmental cues on behaviour.

Social Environment and Peer Influence

Beyond the physical, our social environment exerts a forceful sway over our choices. We are inherently social beings, shaped by the norms, values, and expectations of the communities we inhabit. From family and friends to colleagues and acquaintances, our social circles serve as both mirrors and architects of our identity.

The principle of social proof explains how we often look to others for guidance on how to behave in ambiguous situations. Psychologist Solomon Asch's famous conformity experiments demonstrated the powerful urge to conform to the opinions of the majority, even when it contradicts our own judgement. So, our choices are frequently influenced by the actions and attitudes of those around us, as we seek validation and acceptance within our social setting.

The concept of social contagion highlights how behaviours, attitudes, and emotions can spread rapidly through social networks, akin to a contagion. Whether it's adopting a new fitness regimen inspired by a friend's success or succumbing to peer pressure in a group setting, the influence of our social environment can be both subtle and profound, shaping our decisions in ways we may not even realise.

Cultural Context and Environmental Norms

Culture serves as the lens through which we perceive the world, shaping our beliefs, values, and behaviour. Each culture has its unique set of customs, traditions, and taboos, which in turn influence the choices we make in our daily lives. From dietary preferences to types of dress, our cultural environment instills us with a sense of identity and belonging, while also setting the boundaries of acceptable behaviour.

Cross-cultural studies reveal fascinating variations in decision-making across different societies, underscoring the pivotal role of cultural context in shaping our choices. Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, for instance, suggests cultural values such as individualism versus collectivism, which in turn influence decision-making styles and preferences. Thus, our choices are not merely a product of individual preferences but are also deeply embedded within the cultural fabric that surrounds us.

The Power of Environmental Design

Recognising the impact of environment on behaviour, architects, urban planners, and designers are increasingly harnessing the power of environmental design to shape human behaviour for the better. From intuitive layouts that promote physical activity to public spaces designed to foster social interaction, the built environment plays a crucial role in shaping our choices and experiences.

The concept of choice architecture, popularised by behavioural economists Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein, emphasises the design of environments in a way that nudges individuals towards making better decisions. Simple interventions such as placing healthy food options at eye level in cafeterias or adding visual cues to encourage recycling can have a significant impact on behaviour, demonstrating the potential for positive change through environmental design.

Furthermore, the emerging field of biophilic design highlights the innate human affinity for nature and the benefits of integrating natural elements into built environments. Studies have shown that exposure to natural light, greenery, and other elements of nature can enhance well-being, reduce stress, and promote cognitive function, underscoring the importance of creating spaces that foster connection with the natural world.

To conclude, our choices are not made in isolation but are intertwined with the environments we inhabit. Whether it's the physical spaces we occupy, the social circles we engage with, or the cultural context that shapes our worldview, our environment exerts a profound influence over our thoughts, behaviours, and ultimately, our choices.

If you want to change, change your environment. Spend time with people you want to become. Give yourself the best opportunities and being in the right place will give you much better odds.